Hello Readers of Learn Words, in this article we will learn about the verb To have in Portuguese and English in its affirmative and negative form, it is important to know this as it will help to form sentences correctly using this verb which is one of the two most important, since it is used frequently .
To have - Affirmative Form
The verb to have corresponds to the verb "Have" in Portuguese, we will know the present conjugation of this verb.
| I | Tue |
| You | Tue |
| He/She/It | have |
| We | Tue |
| You | Tue |
| They | Tue |
It is worth mentioning that in Portuguese and English the conjugation of verbs usually have abbreviations, the verb to have is not left behind, usually an apostrophe (') followed by the last 2 words of the verb and in some cases only the last one (in this case it is very worthwhile to OBSERVE the verb conjugation well).
| I | I have |
| You | You have |
| He/She/It | He/She/It has |
| We | We have |
| You | You have |
| They | They have |
Phrases:
You have a beautiful Car
I have two sisters.
They have a big house.
We have a small nose.
She has a beautiful friend.
He has my bike.
Phrase Structure
let’s analyze how the sentence is doing:
She has a beautiful friend.
Subject + verb + Complement
We have the construction of Subject + Verb + Complement, this is the structure for the affirmative form.
To have - Negative Form
It won't change much, but to negate the verb let's add Not, let's see:
| I | have not |
| You | have not |
| He/She/It | has not |
| We | have not |
| You | have not |
| They | have not |
Only the not in front of the verb was added, but as with the interrogative, with the negative we can also abbreviate.
| I | haven't |
| You | haven't |
| He/She/It | hasn't |
| We | haven't |
| You | haven't |
| They | haven't |
Note that in this case you used the n't, this is the short form.
Phrases:
You have not a nice car.
Abbreviation: You haven't a nice car
I have not two sisters.
Abbreviation: I haven't two sister
They have not a big house.
Abbreviation: They haven't a big house
We have not a small nose.
Abbreviation: We haven't a small nose
She has not a beautiful friend.
Abbreviation: She hasn't a beautiful friend
He has not my bike.
Abbreviation: He hasn't my bike
in Portuguese and English, to emphasize the idea of possession, the perfect past tense of the verb to get is used, it will make this clear in the interrogative and negative forms of the sentence, see:
have you got a car?
Have they got a big car?
Have thet got a pool?
We note that the interrogative construction is Verb + Subject + got + complement.
Compare
Have you got a sister? = You have a sister
Have they got a big car? = They have a big car
Have they got a pool? = They have a pool.
Note that in INTERROGATIVE the got is after the verb, let's see now the negation of the verb with the auxiliary:
You not got a good car.
I have not got two sisters.
They have not got the big house.
We have not got a small nose.
She has not got a beautiful friend.
He has not got my bike.
The got is in front of the to have denied (have not), this construction is as follows: Subject + verb + not + got + complement.
NOTE: This form of Have got is more common in UK English.
Use of auxiliary verb To do
So far we have learned the construction of the verb have with the auxiliary to get (perfect past tense), now we will see the same construction with the verb to do, more common in American English.
Phrases:
You do not have a nice car.
Abbreviation: You don't have a nice car
I do not have two sisters.
Abbreviation: I don't have two sister
They do not have a big house.
Abbreviation: They don't have a big house
We do not have a small nose.
Abbreviation: We don't have a small nose
She does not have a beautiful friend.
Abbreviation: She doesn't have a beautiful friend
He does not have my bike.
Abbreviation: He doesn't have my bike
Interrogative
Do you have a sister?
Does he have a big car?
Do they have a pool?
As noted, the verb to have remains intact, the only verb that changes is To do, the choice of using to get or to do for sentence construction will depend a lot on the English you are learning, even though using either one will have the same independent effect where you're from or who you're going to talk to.
